Currently, aquaculture production applies conditions that are sub-optimal to the physiological condition of the species. High-stocking densities, poor water quality or fluctuations in water temperature lead to an excessive production of prooxidant molecules that can surpass the capacity of the antioxidant mechanisms of the animal. Furthermore, genetic selection aims for growth at the maximum rates which diverts resources away from self-maintenance processes such as antioxidant protection and is associated with excessive prooxidants production. Therefore, maintaining balance in the animal’s antioxidant system must be a priority for nutritionists.
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