在 2023 年 10 月 31 日至 11 月 4 日于中国南京举行的亚太家禽大会（APPC）上，安迪苏Tahir Mahmood）在家禽营养与健康 论坛上发表了关于低蛋白日粮的演讲。
下面是该口头交流的摘要：
为家禽开发低蛋白（LP）日粮的必要性主要是出于环境和经济方面的考虑。然而，要成功开发这种日粮，除了供应结晶氨基酸外，还必须多管齐下。
这反过来又增加了可快速消化 的 淀粉，导致净能与 AA 的比率增加，脂肪沉积增加。因此，淀粉的消化率可能很重要，慢消化淀粉源可能有助于限制过剩的能量。在低能效日粮中，减少 SBM 会限制甘氨酸（Gly）和钾（K）等其他关键营养素的摄入。育种公司对甘氨酸没有明确的指导原则，对钾的建议范围也很宽，为 0.6-0.9%，这表明对这些营养物质缺乏明确的认识，尤其是在低产日粮中。此外，蛋氨酸（Met）等非结合型 AA 的较高添加量也会改变LP 日粮中 Met 与硫 AA 的比例。
Collectively, these changes in LP diets can impact growth performance and gut health of poultry. We found that decreasing protein in birds diets resulted in increased measured Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AME) (20 Kcal/CP point) despite iso-AME formulated diets. This AME increase was validated in a subsequent study in conventional corn-Soybean meal LP diet, but AME and starch digestibility was significantly lower when using a pea- based LP diet allowing better FCR (P< 0.05).
Furthermore, cholesterol and triglycerides levels were higher (P<0.05), short chain fatty acids production was increased in peas-based LP diets (P<0.05) which could be linked with improved gut resilience. For Gly, a positive response on FCR was observed at a maximum level of 1.65% Gly+Ser showing that these non- essential AA might be maintained at significant level. The widening Met/ TSAA ratio in the LP diet was not found to be significant factor controlling the performance in LP diets just like K which did not impact growth performance from 0.70-0.84% during 10-24 d in the LP diets.
总之，我们绝对有必要重新审视 低脂日粮对鸟类营养成分的需求，不过，我们认为 低脂日粮可以提供机会，将本地原料纳入其中，从而加强可持续性和成本效益。
